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Watch Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology Season 1 Episode 4 Online

Documentary

COUNTRIES: United States of America
Subtitles: English

On today's episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank continues our exploration of tissues, with an introduction to your connective tissues.

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Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology - Season 1

S01 E012015-01-06

Introduction to Anatomy & PhysiologyIn this episode of Crash Course, Hank introduces you to the complex history and terminology of Anatomy & Physiology.

S01 E022015-01-13

Tissues, Part 1In this episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank gives you a brief history of histology and introduces you to the different types and functions of your body's tissues.

S01 E032015-01-20

Tissues, Part 2 - Epithelial TissueToday on Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank breaks down the parts and functions of one of your body's unsung heroes: your epithelial tissue.

S01 E042015-01-27

Tissues, Part 3 - Connective TissuesOn today's episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank continues our exploration of tissues, with an introduction to your connective tissues.

S01 E052015-02-03

Tissues, Part 4 - Types of Connective TissuesToday Hank wraps up our look at Connective Tissues with a discussion of its various types and a breakdown of what you can and can't easily break down. Also chicken.

S01 E062015-02-10

The Integumentary System, Part 1 - Skin DeepAnatomy & Physiology continues with a look at your biggest organ - your skin.

S01 E072015-02-17

The Integumentary System, Part 2 - Skin DeeperToday Hank wraps up this look at your integumentary system and all the hard work it does protecting you from and helping you interact with the world around you.

S01 E082015-02-24

The Nervous System, Part 1Today Hank kicks off our look around MISSION CONTROL: your nervous system.

S01 E092015-03-03

The Nervous System, Part 2 - Action! Potential!What do you and a sack of batteries have in common? Today, Hank explains.

S01 E102015-03-10

The Nervous System, Part 3 - Synapses!We continue our tour of the nervous system with a look at synapses and the crazy stuff cocaine does to your body.

S01 E112015-03-17

Central Nervous SystemToday Hank talks about your central nervous system. In this episode we'll explore how your brain develops and how important location is for each of your brain's many functions.

S01 E122015-03-24

Peripheral Nervous SystemIt is now time to meet the system that helps your crazy brain stay in touch with the outside world. We follow up last week's tour of the central nervous system with a look at your peripheral nervous system, its afferent and efferent divisions, how it processes information, the reflex arc, and what your brain has to say about pain.

S01 E132015-03-31

Autonomic Nervous SystemHank takes you on a tour of your two-part autonomic nervous system. This episode explains how your sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system work together as foils, balancing each other out. Their key anatomical differences - where nerve fibers originate and where their ganglia are located - drive their distinct anatomical functions, making your sympathetic nervous system the "fight or flight" while your parasympathetic nervous system is for "resting and digesting."

S01 E142015-04-07

Sympathetic Nervous SystemHank tries not to stress you out too much as he delves into the functions and terminology of your sympathetic nervous system.

S01 E152015-04-14

Parasympathetic Nervous SystemThis week we are looking at your parasympathetic division, which is the "resting and digesting" unit. Unfortunately, learning about this de-stressing division also involves a whole lot of memorization. Don't worry, though - we've got some mnemonic devices to help you out!

S01 E162015-04-21

Taste & SmellHank resists the urge to devour a slice of pizza so that he can walk you through the way we experience our major special senses. It all boils down to one thing: sensory cells translating chemical, electromagnetic, and mechanical stimuli into action potentials that our nervous system can make sense of. Today we're focusing on smell (olfaction) and taste (gustation), which are chemical senses that call on chemoreceptors. As usual, we'll begin with a quick look at how these things can go wrong.

S01 E172015-04-28

Hearing & BalanceCrash Course A&P continues the journey through sensory systems with a look at how your sense of hearing works. We follow sounds as they work there way into the ear where they are registered and transformed into action potentials. This mechanism not only helps you hear but also helps maintain your equilibrium.

S01 E182015-05-05

VisionNext stop in our tour of your sensory systems? VISION. With a little help from an optical illusion, we take a look inside your eyes to try to figure out how your sense of vision works -- and how it can be tricked.

S01 E192015-05-12

The Skeletal SystemToday Hank explains the skeletal system and why astronauts Scott Kelly and Mikhail Kornienko are out in space studying it. He talks about the anatomy of the skeletal system, including the flat, short, and irregular bones, and their individual arrangements of compact and spongy bone. He'll also cover the microanatomy of bones, particularly the osteons and their inner lamella. And finally he will introduce the process of bone remodeling, which is carried out by crews of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.

S01 E202015-05-19

JointsWe continue our look at your bones and skeletal system, skipping over the silly kid's song in favor of a more detailed look at your your axial and appendicular skeleton. This episode also talks about the structural and functional classifications of your joints and the major types of body movement that they facilitate.

S01 E212015-05-26

Muscles, Part 1 - Muscle CellsWe're kicking off our exploration of muscles with a look at the complex and important relationship between actin and myosin. Your smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscles create movement by contracting and releasing in a process called the sliding filament model. Your skeletal muscles are constructed like a rope made of bundles of protein fibers, and that the smallest strands are your actin and myosin myofilaments. Its their use of calcium and ATP that causes the binding and unbinding that makes sarcomeres contract and relax.

S01 E222015-06-02

Muscles, Part 2 - Organismal LevelHank calls in a friend to do his push ups for him today to explain how skeletal muscles work together to create and reverse movements. Hank and Claire also demonstrate the role size plays in motor units, the three phase cycle of muscle twitches, and how the strength and frequency of an impulse affects the strength and duration of a contraction. This episode also explains twitch summation, tetanus, and isotonic vs. isometric movements.

S01 E232015-06-09

Endocrine System, Part 1 - Glands & HormonesHank begins teaching you about your endocrine system by explaining how it uses glands to produce hormones. These hormones are either amino-acid based and water soluble, or steroidal and lipid-soluble, and may target many types of cells or just turn on specific ones. He will also touch on hormone cascades, and how the HPA axis effects your stress response.

S01 E242015-06-16

Endocrine System, Part 2 - Hormone CascadesIn the second half of our look at the endocrine system, Hank discusses chemical homeostasis and hormone cascades. Specifically, he looks at the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, or HPT axis, and all the ways your body can suffer when that system, or your hormones in general, get out of whack.

S01 E252015-06-23

The Heart, Part 1 - Under PressureYour heart gets a lot of attention from poets, songwriters, and storytellers, but today Hank's gonna tell you how it really works. The heart’s ventricles, atria, and valves create a pump that maintains both high and low pressure to circulate blood from the heart to the body through your arteries, and bring it back to the heart through your veins. You'll also learn what your blood pressure measurements mean when we talk about systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

S01 E262015-06-30

The Heart, Part 2 - Heart ThrobsToday we're talking the heart and heart throbs -- both literal and those of the televised variety. Hank explains how your heart’s pacemaker cells use leaky membranes to generate their own action potentials, and how the resulting electricity travels through the cardiac conduction pathway from SA Node to Purkinje fibers, allowing your heart to contract. He's also going to make you better able to spot inaccuracies in medical dramas by explaining how defibrillators work to reset the rhythm of your heart.

S01 E272015-07-07

Blood Vessels, Part 1 - Form and FunctionNow that we've discussed blood, we're beginning our look at how it gets around your body. Today Hank explains your blood vessels and their basic three-layer structure of your blood vessels. We're also going over how those structures differ slightly in different types of vessels. We will also follow the flow of blood from your heart to capillaries in your right thumb, and all the way back to your heart again.

S01 E282015-07-14

Blood Vessels, Part 2And now we return to blood vessels. In this episode, we start discussing what blood pressure is, how it can become "high", and what that means for our health. One of the more interesting points is that your body has ways of dealing with high blood pressure, but they're not ways we want out bodies to operate on a full time basis. And why can't we butter our bacon? WHY!?!?!

S01 E292015-07-21

Blood, Part 1 - True BloodNow that we've talked about your blood vessels, we're going to zoom in a little closer and talk about your blood itself. We'll start by outlining the basic components of blood -- including erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and plasma -- as well as the basic process of hemostasis that stops bleeding, and how antigens are responsible for the blood type that you have. By the end of this episode, you should be totally prepared for your next blood drive.

S01 E302015-07-28

Blood, Part 2 - There Will Be BloodIt's time to start talking about some of the terrible things you can do to your own body, like blood doping. We'll start by explaining the structure and function of your erythrocytes, and of hemoglobin, which they use to carry oxygen. We'll follow the formation and life cycle of a red blood cell, including how their levels are regulated by EPO and their signalling molecules. We'll wrap up by looking at how blood doping works and how it is truly a recipe for disaster.

S01 E312015-08-04

Respiratory System, Part 1So we all know that breathing is pretty important, right? Today we're going to talk about how it works, starting with the nameless evolutionary ancestor that we inherited this from, and continuing to the mechanics of both simple diffusion and bulk flow, as well as the physiology of breathing, and finishing with the anatomy of both the conducting zone and the respiratory zone of your respiratory system.

S01 E322015-08-11

Respiratory System, Part 2Can a paper bag really help you when you are hyperventilating? It turns out that it can. In part 2 of our look at your respiratory system Hank explains how your blood cells exchange oxygen and CO2 to maintain homeostasis. We'll dive into partial pressure gradients, and how they, along with changes in blood temperature, acidity, and CO2 concentrations, change how hemoglobin binds to gases in your blood. (And yes, we'll explain the paper bag thing too!)

S01 E332015-08-18

Digestive System, Part 1Nachos are delicious. And versatile because today they're also going to help us learn a thing or two about your digestive system. Nachos can provide us with energy and raw materials, by first ingesting something nutritious, propelling it through the alimentary canal where it will be mechanically broken down, and chemically digested by enzymes until my cells can absorb their monomers and use them to make whatever they need. And eventually, there will be pooping.

S01 E342015-08-25

Digestive System, Part 2Nearly 200 years ago, Alexis St. Martin was shot in the stomach. He was saved by local army doctor William Beaumont, but had to live out his remaining years with a gaping hole in the stomach -- allowing Beaumont to learn a lot about how human digestion works. So today we're going to walk you through that process. We'll cover how mechanical and chemical digestion start in the mouth and continues in the stomach, where it’s pummeled by acids and enzymes and turned into chyme. We will also go over the stomach’s cephalic, gastric, and intestinal phases of digestive regulation.

S01 E352015-09-01

Digestive System, Part 3Nachos are great...if you are among the lucky ones whose body can digest them. When digestion goes according to plan, the small intestine performs most of your chemical digestion in the duodenum, while accessory organs including the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas contribute enzymes that all but finish the job. Then your large intestine, which is actually shorter than the small intestine, tries to extract the last bit of nutrition, including the occasional attempt to turn nachos into energy, which for most humans, ends in gassy failure.

S01 E362015-09-08

Metabolism & Nutrition, Part 1Metabolism is a complex process that has a lot more going on than personal trainers and commercials might have you believe. Today we are exploring some of its key parts, including vital nutrients -- such as water, vitamins, minerals, carbs, fats, and proteins -- as well as how anabolic reactions build structures and require energy, while catabolic reactions tear things apart and release energy.

S01 E372015-09-15

Metabolism & Nutrition, Part 2If you're like us, you love the sound of a brunch buffet. But not everything you eat at that glorious buffet is going to be turned into energy. Your body has to work with different forms of food in different ways. In this episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank takes us through more about our metabolism including cellular respiration, atp, glycogenesis, and how insulin regulates our blood sugar levels.

S01 E382015-09-22

Urinary System, Part 1Even though you probably don't choose to spend a lot of time thinking about it, your pee is kind of a big deal. Today we're talking about the anatomy of your urinary system, and how your kidneys filter metabolic waste and balance salt and water concentrations in the blood. We'll cover how nephrons use glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion to reabsorb water and nutrients back into the blood, and make urine with the leftovers.

S01 E392015-09-29

Urinary System, Part 2As we promised last week, we're not quite done talking about your pee yet. Today Hank explains how the urinary system regulates the production of urine, by maintaining a study glomerular flow rate. He'll also cover the anatomy of storing and excreting urine -- from the ureters to the urethra -- and the nervous system’s role in controlling the act of urination.

S01 E402015-10-06

Reproductive System, Part 1 - Female Reproductive SystemHuman reproduction is complicated an important, and it's going to take a four part series for us to cover it. Today, we're kicking that off with the female reproductive system, starting with how sex hormones affect oogenesis and ovulation, continuing through how the ovarian and menstrual cycles mature and release oocytes, and create a comfy uterine environment for a fertilized egg.

S01 E412015-10-13

Reproductive System, Part 2 - Male Reproductive SystemOur month-long exploration of human reproduction continues with a look at testicular anatomy, the steps of sperm production, and how it’s influenced by gonadotropin and testosterone. Hank also explains how sperm mature, and how they leave the body on a tide of glandular secretions during ejaculation.

S01 E422015-10-20

Reproductive System, Part 3 - Sex & FertilizationAfter weeks of discussion of human reproduction, today we arrive at the main event: THE SEX. Hank explains the four phases of the human sexual response, how a sperm finds and fertilizes an egg, creating a zygote, and how different types of contraception work to prevent that from happening.

S01 E432015-10-27

Reproductive System, Part 4 - Pregnancy & DevelopmentWe've reached the grand finale of our four part series on human reproduction: BABIES! Today Hank walks you through the stages of pregnancy, beginning with how a zygote develops into blastomeres to a morula to a blastocyst and finally to an embryo and a fetus. He also explains some of the amazing anatomical changes that take place in the mother, and the hormonal sequence of events that lead to labor.

S01 E442015-11-03

Lymphatic SystemToday Hank explains your unsung lymphatic system and how it supports cardiovascular function by collecting, filtering, and returning interstitial fluid back into the bloodstream via a system of lymphatic vessels. He also explains the system’s major role in fighting off infection, and how lymph nodes, and other lymphoid organs, and MALT areas house antigen-attacking lymphocytes that provide crucial support to the immune system.

S01 E452015-11-10

Immune System, Part 1Our final episodes of Anatomy & Physiology explore the way your body keeps all that complex, intricate stuff alive and healthy -- your immune system. The immune system’s responses begin with physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes, and when they’re not enough, there are phagocytes -- the neutrophils and macrophages. It also features the awesomely named natural killer cells and the inflammatory response, and we'll explain how all of these elements work together to save the day if you happen to slip on a banana peel.

S01 E462015-11-17

Immune System, Part 2In the penultimate episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology, Hank explains your adaptive immune system. The adaptive immune system's humoral response guards extracellular terrain against pathogens. Hank also explains B cells, antibodies, and how vaccines work.

S01 E472015-11-24

Immune System, Part 3THE FINAL SHOWDOWN! This is the last episode on the immune system and also the very last episode of Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology. In it, Hank explains how the cellular immune response uses helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T cells to attack body cells compromised by pathogens. He also explores how cytokines activate B and T cells, and what happens if your immune system goes rogue and starts causing autoimmune trouble.

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Season 1

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